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Species: Golden Bellied Mangabey

Use: N/A   

Authors: Renee Fetters & Heather Moats

Methods: N/A

Publications/Presentations: N/A

Solitary Activities - Activities performed individually

Feed: Animal is taking food items into the mouth and chewing and swallowing

Forage: Animal is actively searching for food

Food wash: Animal prepares food for consumption by soaking a piece of food in water or by holding a piece of food (in or out of water) and quickly rubbing it with both hands

Drink: Animal is taking water into the mouth and swallowing

Urinate: Animal is eliminating urine from the body

Defecate: Animal is eliminating feces from the body

Idle: Animal is stationary and awake either sitting, lying, or standing

Sleep: An animal is sitting or lying stationary with eyes closed and slow respiratory rate

Shake hand gesture: Animal holds arm down at side and waves hand quickly- associated with soliciting food, objects, or attention from staff, or public

Scrunch face: Scrunched nose expression usually related to anxiety, apprehension, or curiosity - may turn head to side

Eyebrow raise: Animal perks up eyebrows (indicative of curiosity or greeting another individual)

Surveying - Examining or looking at an object or the surroundings

Locate: One animal determines the position of another individual with frequent glances (usually male to female - in times of stress)

Scan environment: Animal visually observes the surroundings actively

Passive observe: Animal watches surroundings attentively without responding to initiating any actions- usually occurs when animal is relaxed and sitting close to the public

Object exam: Animal inspects items without attempting to eat the items

Object manipulation: Animal gathers, dissembles, holds, or carries items

Gustatory Exam: Animal inspects an object by licking it, placing an object in the mouth momentarily, or by touching an object and then placing fingers in the mouth

Examine feces: Animal manipulates feces with hands

Travel- Locomotive movement from one area to another

Walk: Animal is moving slowly over a flat or semi-flat substrate quadrupedally with transverse leg movements

Run: Animal is moving quickly over a flat or semi-flat substrate quadrupedally-leg movement is either traverse or lateral

Climb: Animal is moving up a substrate vertically using all four limbs

Jump: Animal makes a vertical spring from a substrate

Play- Actively engaged in for amusement or recreation

Solitary play: Includes play behaviors that do not include another individual, such as: tossing objects, rolling a ball, or blowing bubbles with saliva

Social Play: Non-aggressive interaction with one or more other individuals such as wrestling

Grooming- To clean and care for hair, skin or teeth

Autogroom: Animal combs or picks through own hair, skin, or teeth with hands or mouth

Allogroom: Animal combs or picks through the hair, skin, or teeth of another individual with hands or mouth

Receive groom: An animal's hair or skin is combed or picked through by another individual

Autoinspect: Animal makes a visual or olfactory examination of own genitals

Scratch: Self-scraping or digging of won body with nails

Social behaviors- Activities performed with one or more individuals

Contact: Friendly contact behaviors such as touching or sitting/lying together

Follow: One individually deliberately walks behind another individual

Approach: One individual deliberately walks up to another individual

Present: Female stands quadrupedally with genitals directed to another, can include touching own genitals-typically with the tail raised over the head

Sexual behaviors- Activities relating to courtship and sex

Hip touch: Male touches or grasps the hip of a female

Clasp: Male grasps a female's hips or waist with hands and assumes a bipedal stance directly behind the female

Masturbation: Self-stimulation of genitals

Inspect: One individual sniffs or probes another's genitals with fingers

Aggression- Hostile or destructive behavior or actions

Lunge/charge: Animal makes a sudden, rapid movement in a direct path towards another individual

Chase: Animal is in active pursuit of another individual while the other is rapidly withdrawing

Strike: Animal hits another individual with the hand

Kick: Animal uses foot to strike another individual

Bite: Animal seizes another individual with teeth

Hair Pull: Animal hold of another individual's hair and draws back forcefully

Grab: Animal pulls another individual's tail, arm, or leg, and forcefully moves them closer

Headbob: Male vigorously jerks the upper torso and head up and down in a vertical motion while grasping a stationary object

Shake: Animal moves or attempts to move an object vigorously back and forth with hands and arms

Throw: Animal aggressively propels an object through the air

Aggressive posture: Animal stands quadrupedally with back arched and tail positioned over head

Head crest: Animal raises eyebrows and hair above the saggital as a threat to another individual (also indicative of curious or alarmed states)

Eyelid raise: Animal bats eyes to expose eyelids as a threatening gesture to another individual

Canine bare: Animal opens mouth widely and exposes teeth to another individual

Yawn: Animal displays a gaping mouth and exposes canines as a mild threat to another individual

Slap Object: Animal strikes an object such as the ground or wall with the palm or back of the hand

Piloerecting: Erecting body hair (typically associate with alarmed states)

Submissive behaviors- Yielding to another individual

Crouch: Animal presses body close to the ground with limbs bent

Move away: Animal deliberately evades an approaching individual

Flee: Animal runs away from another individual

Vocalization- Utterance of vocal sounds

Alarm call: Loud, sharp double-bark given in response to a disturbance

Undesirable behaviors - Unwanted activities

Self-mutilation: Animal bites own limbs

Stereotypy- Excessive repetition of a behavior with a lack of variation of movements

Pacing: Animal walks or strides back and forth in a set pattern repeatedly without interruption

Spring: Animal jumps from one place onto a stationary object, such as a wall or door, in a set pattern repeatedly without interruption