Use: General 

Authors: S. L. Smalley

Methods: N/A

Publications/Presentations: S. L. Smalley (1979). Comparative analysis of aggressive and other social behavior of captive lowland gorillas and free living mountain gorillas. California Anthropologist, 9, 1-28.

Behaviors

Aggression: For purposes of study defined as dominance: one gorillas is considered dominant over another if the first displaces the second, with or without physical contact.

Other behaviors recorded

Feeding

Chestbeating

Self-grooming

Mutual grooming

Object carrying/holding

Running

Rising as part of a display

Rubbing of underarms

Copulation

Sexual presentation