Staff
scientists at Lincoln Park Zoo conduct studies of ape cognition.
These studies involve questions such
as: How do they learn? Do they store memories? Can they reason?
In studies of the human mind, researchers can ask someone what
he’s thinking or feeling. However, in the absence of speech,
less direct methods are used to determine what turns the wheels
in the animal mind. Scientists use computer touch-screens, joysticks
and tool-use devices in the apes’ environment to ask such
questions. Along with producing valuable data, the tasks the
apes perform stimulate them mentally. It’s important to
note, too, that apes receive positive reinforcement during the
studies conducted at the zoo and that their participation is
voluntary. As we gain a better understanding of the mental processes
of apes, we will learn more about caring for them in zoos and
conserving them in the wild.
Tool-use Studies Chimpanzees use tools for more purposes than any other
animal except humans. In contrast, gorillas are rarely
known to use tools in the wild. However, the absence of tool-use
behavior does not mean an animal is not capable of learning this
skill. To try to understand more about how apes learn and
develop tool-use skills, scientists observe apes using an artificial
termite mound that is “baited” with various types
of treats. These types of studies help us to understand how and
if apes can solve complex problems and the extent to which these
skills come from observing others.
Touch-screen Studies
The fact that apes respond to video images and can use joysticks and computer
touch-screens to perform cognitive tasks allows us to delve into fascinating
areas of research. By observing how an ape distinguishes between geometric
shapes and between colors that appear on touch-screens, for example, scientists
can analyze the role of ape memory and the ability of apes to categorize
objects.
A chimpanzee at the Regenstein Center for African Apes at Lincoln Park Zoo
uses tools to extract mustard (a chimp favorite) from an artificial termite
mound.
A chimpanzee touches an image of another chimpanzee’s face as part of the
zoo's ongoing touch-screen studies of ape cognition.
